By studying how the local microbiome affects immunity at remote locations and how the gut microbiota affects other organs, scientists have coined terms such as the gut-brain axis and the gut-lung axis
C., Mulrow, C
Sears DA
The findings indicate that microbial metabolite 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (4EPS) enters the brain and is associated with changes in region-specific activity and functional connectivity, including altered oligodendrocyte function, impaired oligodendrocyte maturation, and decreased oligodendrocyte-neuron interactions (Needham et al., 2022)
Flavonoids are the secondary metabolites of many fruits, herbs, roots, stems, bark, flowers, grains, tea and wine, which not only impart color and protection to plants, but also make them safe to eat, so they are also called Phytonutrients